Treaty (15 October 1969)

October 15, 1969

AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES AND THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION ON THE FIRST ADDENDUM TO THE REVISED PLAN OF OPERATION FOR MALARIA ERADICATION PROGRAMME IN THE PHILIPPINES

Note: The Agreement entered into force, October 15, 1969. Reference: This Agreement is also published in VIII DFA TS No. 1, p.108. THE GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES, hereinafter referred to as "GOVERNMENT," and the WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION, hereinafter referred to as "WHO" have agreed to the following FIRST ADDENDUM TO THE REVISED PLAN OF OPERATION signed by the Government on 14 March 1967 and by WHO on 10 February 1967. The purpose of this Addendum is:

1. to record the achievements in 1967 and 1968;

2. to detail the plan of action for the years 1969 and 1970;

3. to record the commitments of the Government and of WHO for 1969 and 1970.

ACHIEVEMENT IN 1967 AND 1968

1. ORGANIZATION OF THE MALARIA ERADICATION SERVICE The Malaria Law (Annex I) which was approved on 18 July 1966 recentralized the Malaria Organization previously under the eight Regional Health Offices into a Malaria Eradication Service (MES) directly under the Office of the Secretary of Health. Under this new arrangement, the MES is headed by a Project Director and assisted by a Deputy Project Director who shall act as Project Director in the absence of the regular incumbent to ensure the continuity of the service. The three new divisions created by law are: (1) Epidemiology, Research and Training, (2) Field Operations, and (3) Administration, in addition to the pre-existing Division of Malaria (Evalua tion and Statistics), Annex II. The country is divided into six Areas which are further subdivided into 39 Malaria Units (Annex III).

2. ADMINISTRATION AND FINANCE The Project Director is vested by the Malaria Law with a direct line authority. A Planning Committee composed of the Project Director as chairman, the Deputy Project Director as vice-chairman, the Chief of Field Operations, Chief of Epidemiology, Research and Training, Chief of Administration, one area supervisor, and the Senior Advisers of the United States Agency for International Development/United States Public Health Service (AID/PHS) and WHO, as members, was created by the Secretary of Health for programme planning and evaluation. Results of malariometric surveys, spray ing accomplishments, and epidemiological data are compiled and assessed by the Division of Malaria {evaluation and statistics) to inform and guide the Planning Committee. Work schedules for spraying operations and epidemiological activities are prepared by the malaria unit heads under the supervision of the area chief field malariologist supervisors. The Planning Committee reviews these schedules and upon approval, allocates the necessary manpower and financial support to carry out the plan of action. Supervi sion is carried out from the following levels: (1) central, (2) area, (3) unit, (4) sector, and (5) squad. Based on the degree of incidence, malarious areas are divided into "Early Attack" and "Late Attack." It is planned to undertake at least three spraying cycles before considering the eligibility of any area for consolidation. There are three sources of local funds for the support of the Malaria Eradication Programme: the General Fund, the Foreign Assisted Project Peso Support Fund (FAPPSF), and the Sweepstakes Fund which came in only in 1968. The budgets of the Government for fiscal year 1967 and fiscal year 1968 were as follows: FISCAL YEAR 1967 Supplemental General FAPPSF Budget Tota Funds RA4832 Salaries ........................................................................................... P4,372,010 ....... P73,944 Wages............................................................................................. 715,000 2,085,541 Travelling......................................................................................... 460,000 210,000 308,850 Supplies & Materials....................................................................... 241,600 90,000 250,000 Sundry............................................................................................ 196,600 85,000 130,000 Fixed Expenditures......................................................................... 59,340 ....... 6,665 Equipment..................................................................................... ......... ....... 145,000 _______________________________________________________________________ Total............................................................................................... P5,329,550 P 1,100,000 P3,000,000 ================================================================ FISCAL YEAR 1968 Regular FAPPSF Sweepstakes Total Funds Salaries ........................................................................................... P2,208,965 P....... P91,034 P2,299,999 Training Allowance 20,000 ....... ....... 20,000 Wages............................................................................................. 4,522,985 715,000 ....... 5,237,985Salary adjustment 227,000 ....... ....... 227,000 ............................................................................ Travelling......................................................................................... 768,850 210,000 50,000 1,028,850 FISCAL YEAR 1967 Supplemental General FAPPSF Budget Total Funds RA4832 Supplies & Materials.................................................................... 491,600 90,000 53,000 Sundry......................................................................................... 326,600 85,000 45,000 Fixed Expenditures....................................................................... 100,000 ....... ....... Equipment.................................................................................... ....... ....... 45,000 Capital Outlay.............................................................................. 120,000 ....... ....... Continuing Appropriation............................................................. 429,642 ....... ....... ________________________________________________________________________ Total............................................................................................... P9,215,642 P1,100,000 P284,034 P1 ================================================================= The AID and the WHO committed: Fiscal Year 1967 Fiscal Year 1968 AID $1,521,000 $1,153,000 WHO 115,000 3. OPERATIONS a. Delimitation studies During the second half of 1967 and early 1968 a re-delimitation of the malarious areas was undertaken in all potentially malarious areas and some of the non-malarious areas where malaria cases had recently been reported or were suspected. This was done by carrying out some rounds of active case detection (ACD), passive case detection (PCD), and school surveys in selected localities, and the subsequent investigation of confirmed cases. These studies covered a population of around 4 million.

b. Geographical reconnaissance Geographical reconnaissance was undertaken in the entire attack phase area, and showed the following upon completion: _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Number of Number of Total attack phase area Houses Localities _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Before rcdelimitation 1.2 million 27,372 After redelimitation 1.8 million* 38,023 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ c. Development of locality cards Locality cards containing vital operational and epidemiological informa tion were prepared for each locality under operational coverage.

d. Spraying operations The above activities replaced the second regular spraying cycle in 1967, which was limited to indicator districts and highly malarious areas. Similarly, the first cycle 1968 was not started before April 1968 due to some delay in completing the extensive redelimitation studies and geographic reconnais sance operations. As a result of the late start of the first cycle in 1968, the second cycle did not start until the latter part of October 1968. Spraying operations during 1967 and 1968 may be summarized as follows: _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ FIRST CYCLE SECOND CYCL _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ YEAR Target number Percentage Target number of houses coverage of houses _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1967 1.2 million 86.2 0.7 million 1968 1.6 million 84.8 0.20 million _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ e. Epidemiological operations and assessment During 1967 epidemiological evaluation of the operations was based on results obtained in indicator districts. To this end 23 indicator districts were established in early 1967, covering 0.37 million inhabitants. These indicator districts were increased later on in number and size to include 0.75 million people. The following results were recorded: _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Number of Slides 1967 ___________________________________________________________ Projected ACD PCD Others ABER % _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1st Semester 35,219 1,820 3,794 19.8 2nd Semester 41,871 4,708 157 12.5 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ During the redelimitation studies the following data were collected: _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Number of Slides ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- AREA ACD PCD Others _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Potentially malarious 113,893 7,684 .............. (3.1 million) Non-malarious 32,821 5,534 .............. (0.9 million) Malarious 56,555 7,002 7,675 (6.2 million) _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ During 1968 no ACD was carried out, except for some rounds in areas adjoining the attack phase area. With a view to assessing the current malaria load in all units, a mass survey was conducted in 670 localities, with a population of 264,000 representing the most malarious localities of each unit. The examination results of 76,658 blood slides have been reported, showing 1,505 positives, i.e., and average parasite rate of 2.0% (range 0 — 12.5%). It was also shown that 50% of the positive localities had blood indices below 2% — an indication that surveillance has to be established. Entomological observations were carried out regularly, including suscep tibility tests. No signs of resistance of the local vectors have been observed.

f. Participation of general health services Involvement of hospitals, rural health units and other health establish ments in case detection activities received continuous attention in indicator districts, during the delimitation studies, and in the evaluation of the 1968 operations. During the delimitation studies, a total of 20,220 blood smears were col lected from various sources, 7362 by rural health units (total number in the country is 1435), 7277 by malaria field laboratories, 4273 by volunteers and 1308 by hospitals and private practitioners. During the ensuing 1968 spraying operations, a total of 32,302 blood smears with 4469 positives, were collected through PCD in the attack phase area. In addition, 4307 with 171 positives were collected in the adjacent non-malarious areas.

g. Health education A health educator from the general public health service has been detailed to the MES to motivate arid co-ordinate the health education activities of the malaria eradication programme. Malaria posters have been developed for distribution in malarious areas. In each malaria unit, a malaria technician has been designated as health educator.

h. Development of operational manuals The following operational manuals were completed in fiscal year 1967 and updated in fiscal year 1968:

1. Administration 2. Geographical Reconnaissance and Spraying 3. Epidemiology 4. Entomology 5. Health Education and Training 6. Records and Data Transmission 7. Transport i. Training activities A training section has been created with qualified full-time staff. A WHO training adviser was assigned to this activity. The malaria field laboratory at Tala has been converted into a national malaria training centre for in-service and pre-service training of malaria personnel. Senior members of the MES were called from time to time for refresher courses at the Malaria Eradication Training Centre (METC). In fiscal year 1967, seven malariologists and two engineers took up a pre-service training in Tala. At the METC, six malariologists, three engineers, four technicians, and seven administrative personnelundertook in-service training. In fiscal year 1968, five professional and sixty-two sub-professional personnel were trained in Tala. At the METC, the following MES personnel were trained in Tala. At the METC, the following MES personnel undertook in-service training on: General Course for Instructors — 2 engineersPublic Health Administration — 1 administrator General Course for Professional Personnel— 12 physicians and 7 engineers Special Course for Senior Instructors — 2 physicians PLAN OF ACTION FOR FISCAL YEAR 1969 AND FISCAL YEAR 1970 1. ORGANIZATION OF THE MALARIA ERADICATION SERVICE There is no change in the organization structure (Annex II) of the MES and neither is a change contemplated for fiscal year 1970.

2. ADMINISTRATION AND FINANCE The appropriation for malaria eradication is broken down as follows: FISCAL YEAR 1969 Funds FAPPSF Sweepstakes Total Regular Personal Services: Salaries........................................................ P2,205,541 ........ P83,736 P2,289,277 Wages......................................................... 4,523,409 500,000 ........ 5,023,409 Training Allowance......................................... 20,000 ........ ........ 20,000 Travelling Expenses ....................................... 768,850 250,000 40,000 1,058,850 Supplies & Materials...................................... 491,600 250,000 93,122 834,722 Sundry........................................................... 326,600 100,000 40,000 466,600 Fixed Expenditures........................................ 69,000 ........ 7,955 76,955 Equipment..................................................... ........ ........ 18,000 18,000 Continuing Appropriation 429,642 ........ ........ 429,642 Total............................................................. P8,834,642 P1,100,000 P282,813 P10,217,455 The budget under consideration for fiscal year 1970 in Congress is essen tially the same as that of fiscal year 1969.

3. OPERATIONS a. Attack operations and geographical reconnaissance The plan is to spray every human habitation, schoolhouse, and church in malarious areas with the dose of 2 grams of technical DDT, per square meter of sprayable surface, twice a year at an interval of six months. It is estimated that attack measures will be applied to cover the following: POPULATION Under Attack Under Risk Spraying Pre-Consolidation Consolidation CY 1969 9.87 million 6.73 million 3.14 million 0 million CY 1970 10.26 million 6.25 million 1.59 million 2.4 million Spraying is conducted simultaneously in the different sectors. From the geographical reconnaissance maps brought along, squad leaders pinpoint the houses and other structures to be sprayed by the spraymen. In the course of spraying, squad leaders update the locality maps for use in the next spraying season. Mop-up spray teams follow the regular spray crews to spray pending structures.

b. Establishment of surveillance Mass drug administration to all fever cases and suspects at intervals of four weeks is conducted in attack areas with approximately 300,000 population where malaria transmission is persistently high, such as Palawan in Area "D," whole Area "B," and Mindoro of Area "C" to reduce the reservoir of infection. Active Case Detection is conducted in communities projected for con solidation.

1. Parasitological examination Each of the thirty-nine malaria units is provided with microscopists who examine blood smears collected within their respective jurisdic tions. A national reference laboratory is set up to re-examine all positive blood films and 10% of the negatives from each unit.

2. Chemotherapy Presumptive treatment will be administered to fever cases and malaria suspects and radical treatment will be given to confirmed cases. A schedule of treatment is prepared by the MES. All canvassers and PCD posts are provided with this schedule for their guidance in the treatment of cases.3. Epidemiological investigations Whenever a confirmed case is reported in localities outside the attack areas, an epidemiological investigation is conducted.

4. Remedial measure Upon verification by the area supervisor that the case is indigenous, focal or general spraying is ordered, depending upon the extent of foci of infection.

5. Entomology Each area has an entomological team composed of a research entomologist, one technician, and two to six entomological aides (one of which is a driver). Entomological activities will be coordinated with parasitological and epidemiological activities. The teams will be respon sible for the routine and special entomological activities in the area.

c. Participation of rural health services In Administrative Order No. 91, dated 20 December 1968, the Secretary of Health directed all regional health directors, provincial health officers, city health officers, chief of hospitals, and rural health physicians to support the passive case detection activities of the MES and invited attention to the fact that "the malaria eradication programme is not a separate or independent public health agency but an integral part in the general public health service dedicated to the health of the people." Under this directive, regional health directors, provincial health officers, city health officers, and rural health physicians are designated as representatives of the Secretary of Health in the supervision of MES personnel working within the jurisdiction of their respec tive offices. The chief field malariologists are, in addition to their regular supervisory duties, designated as advisers and consultants to the regional health directors on matters pertaining to malaria passive case detection and co-ordination of malaria eradication activities with the general public health service. All public hospitals under the Department of Health and all rural health units are designated as passive case detection posts. In addition to their regular duties, city health officers, rural health physicians, nurses, midwives, and sanitary inspectors are charged with the detection and treatment of malaria per MES standard procedures. Likewise, hospital personnel who come across a malaria case or malaria suspect are directed to take blood films. Blood films are collected by MSE epidemiological aides who submit them to MES microscopists and return the results of the examinations to the PCD posts. Supplies needed in passive case detection are provided by the MES. One hundred and fifty PCD aides are hired for the job. In addition, passive case detection posts are also established by the malaria unit heads in strategically located communities within their areas of operation. The collection of blood films in these cases is undertaken by senior canvassers of the MES.

d. Projection for consolidation phase During CY 1969, the number of population covered by attack measures and projected for consolidation phase will be 3.14 million. Out of this, it is expected that 2.4 million may qualify for entering the consolidation phase in CY 1970.

e. Training During the fiscal year 1969, one-half of the sector technicians and sector leaders will undergo an in-service training by groups in Tala. The other half is scheduled for fiscal year 1970. Likewise, one-half of the microseopists will take up a refresher course on malaria microscopy in Tala during fiscal year 1969 and the other half in fiscal year 1970. Pre-service training is given to all newcomers to the service, Pre-service training is always given to old and new spraymen before every spraying season. In-service training of the professional level is conducted in Tala and at the METC. The kind of training and the number of trainees of local nationals in Tala is determined by the planning committee and those at the METC, by the PHS/AID and WHO.

f. Studies The response of P. falciparum to camoquine and primaquine is under observation, with the co-operation of METC and the San Lazaro Hospital. The same observation is being extended to the six areas. Studies to determine the role of A. litoralis as a malaria vector are being carried out in Tatalan, Sulu of Area "E." COMMITMENTS OF THE GOVERNMENT The Government's commitments during the fiscal year 1969 and fiscal year 1970 are as follows: Fiscal Year 1969 P10,217,455 Fiscal Year 1970 P 10,217,455 COMMITMENTS OF THE WHO The WHO agrees to provide, subject to the availability of funds, person nel, fellowships, supplies and equipment as follows:

a. Personnel for 1969 and 1970 1. One malariologist (to act as WHO Senior Adviser) 2. One epidemiologist (to assist in epidemiological operations) 3. One sanitary engineer (to assist in geographical reconnaissance and spraying operations) 4. One training officer (to assist in the METC). The WHO also assist in assigning three WHO short-term consultants to be attached to three independent assessment teams who will be assigned by the Government annually towards the end of 1969 and 1970 to confirm the passage of certain areas from the attack to the consolidation phase in accor dance with the WHO epidemiological criteria developed for the purpose.b. Fellowships WHO will provide fellowships during 1969 and 1970 for national em ployees to study and/or observe malaria eradication procedures and tech niques at centres in country/countries approved by WHO.

c. Supplies and equipment WHO will provide a few items of laboratory supplies requested by the programme during 1969 and 1970.

FINAL PROVISIONS

This Addendum will come into effect upon signature by the parties concerned and will remain in effect until 31 December 1970. During the last three months of the period covered by this Addendum, a thorough assessment of the progress of the programme will be made so as to provide a basis for drafting the future plan of action. All terms and conditions of the original plan of operation and the revised one, except in so far as these are modified by this Addendum, apply equally to this Addendum.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned being duly authorized, have signed this first Addendum to the Revised Plan of Operation.

DONE in five copies in English.

FOR THE GOVERNMENT OF THE

At Manila, on 15 October 1969.

PHILIPPINES:

(Sgd.) JOSE D. INGLES Acting Secretary of Foreign Affairs At Manila, on 5 June 1969. FOR THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION:

(Sgd.) FRANCISCO J. DY, M.D. Regional Director